— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位喪偶後出現憂鬱徵象的個案，護理師預期會觀察到哪些表現？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting signs of depression following the loss of a spouse. Which manifestations are expected findings? (Select all that apply.)
- AAnhedonia✓ 正解快感缺乏
- BPsychomotor agitation✓ 正解精神運動性激越
- CIncreased appetite食慾增加
- DFeelings of worthlessness✓ 正解無價值感
- ESleep disturbance✓ 正解睡眠障礙
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
憂鬱症的常見臨床表徵包含對原本喜好的事物喪失興趣（快感缺乏）、精神運動遲滯或激動、無價值感及睡眠障礙。食慾增加（C）通常非憂鬱症的典型特徵，多數個案反而表現出食慾下降與體重減輕，除非是特定亞型的憂鬱症。
Common clinical manifestations of depression include loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities (anhedonia), psychomotor retardation or agitation, feelings of worthlessness, and sleep disturbance. Increased appetite (C) is not typically characteristic of depression; most clients instead show decreased appetite and weight loss, unless they have a specific subtype of depression.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在台灣，針對喪偶個案的悲傷輔導（Grief Counseling）常透過心理師或社工師共同介入，護理師較著重生理徵象。