病人被醫囑給予靜脈注射 furosemide 40 mg 治療急性心臟衰竭。給藥前護理師最重要的評估是什麼？
A client is prescribed intravenous furosemide 40 mg for acute heart failure. What is the most critical assessment for the nurse to perform prior to administration?
- AReview serum potassium levels✓ 正解檢視血清鉀濃度
- BCheck blood pressure測量血壓
- CAssess peripheral edema評估周邊水腫
- DMonitor urinary output監測尿量
Furosemide 屬於環利尿劑（loop diuretic），其主要藥理機轉為抑制亨利氏環（Loop of Henle）的鈉、鉀、氯離子再吸收。由於藥物會導致大量鉀離子隨尿液排出，給藥前確認血鉀濃度至關重要。低血鉀（hypokalemia）會增加毛地黃中毒風險並引發致命性心律不整（如 Torsades de Pointes）。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic, and its primary pharmacologic mechanism is inhibition of sodium, potassium, and chloride reabsorption in the Loop of Henle. Because the drug causes substantial potassium excretion in the urine, confirming serum potassium levels before administration is essential. Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity and can precipitate life-threatening dysrhythmias (such as Torsades de Pointes).