— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備給予病人靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin），應採取何種行動以預防「紅人症候群」？
A nurse is preparing to administer IV vancomycin to a client. Which action should the nurse take to prevent 'Red Man Syndrome'?
- AIncrease the infusion time to at least 60 minutes✓ 正解將輸注時間延長至至少 60 分鐘
- BPre-medicate with an opioid analgesic預先給予鴉片類鎮痛劑
- CAdminister the dose with a cooling pack搭配冷敷包給藥
- DFlush the IV line with 20 mL of sterile water以 20 mL 無菌水沖洗靜脈導管
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群是因為萬古黴素靜脈輸注速度過快，導致組織胺釋放所致。臨床建議將輸注時間延長至至少 60 分鐘以上，甚至針對高劑量延長至 90-120 分鐘，以減緩藥物代謝負荷。此狀況並非過敏反應，僅需減慢速度即可緩解。
Red Man syndrome is caused by histamine release that occurs when vancomycin is infused too rapidly. Clinical guidelines recommend extending the infusion time to at least 60 minutes, and for higher doses to 90 to 120 minutes, to reduce the rate of drug delivery. This is not an allergic reaction and resolves with a slower infusion rate.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆嚴格要求 Vancomycin 需緩慢輸注，常見醫囑會備註輸注時間。