— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師給予心衰竭病人利尿劑（Furosemide）。應最擔心下列哪項電解質不平衡？
A nurse is administering a dose of furosemide to a patient with heart failure. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse be most concerned about?
- AHypernatremia高血鈉
- BHypomagnesemia低血鎂
- CHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀
- DHypercalcemia高血鈣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 是 Loop 利尿劑，會在腎臟遠曲小管抑制鈉氯再吸收，導致大量鉀離子隨尿液流失。低血鉀（Hypokalemia）是此類藥物最常見且具致命風險的副作用，特別是在併用毛地黃的病人身上，極易引發嚴重的心律不整。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal tubule of the kidneys, leading to substantial loss of potassium in the urine. Hypokalemia is the most common and potentially fatal side effect of these agents, especially in clients also taking digoxin, in whom it can readily precipitate serious dysrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地臨床均極度重視利尿劑使用後的鉀離子補給，美國護理師常依實驗室報告自動聯絡藥師補鉀，台灣多由醫師開立口服或靜脈補鉀。