— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為病人靜脈點滴輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin），點滴啟動 15 分鐘後，病人出現臉部及頸部潮紅。護理師首要行動為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer Vancomycin 1g IVPB to a client. The nurse observes the client's face and neck flushing within 15 minutes of infusion. Which action is the priority?
- ANotify the healthcare provider通知醫療保健提供者
- BAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- CStop the infusion immediately立即停止點滴
- DSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢點滴速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此反應為萬古黴素常見的「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），原因是靜脈輸注速度過快導致組織胺大量釋放。並非過敏反應，故處理首重減緩輸注速度，通常即可改善症狀。若停藥或使用抗組織胺並非緩解症狀的第一優先處置。
This reaction represents the common red man syndrome associated with vancomycin, caused by an excessively rapid infusion rate that triggers a large release of histamine. It is not an allergic reaction, so the first action is to slow the infusion rate, which usually resolves the symptoms. Stopping the medication or administering an antihistamine is not the first-line response.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對於紅人症候群的處理一致，均強調減緩輸注速率為首要處置。