— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師協助病人進行腰椎穿刺，哪項措施對確保過程中病人的安全最為關鍵？
A nurse is preparing a client for a lumbar puncture. Which action is essential to ensure client safety during the procedure?
- AInstruct the client to remain still in a fetal position✓ 正解指示病人保持屈曲姿勢不動
- BApply warm compresses to the lower back在下背部敷熱敷包
- CPlace the client in a prone position讓病人採俯臥姿勢
- DAdminister general anesthesia給予全身麻醉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
腰椎穿刺（Lumbar puncture）是一項 invasive 的程序，正確的擺位是手術成功與安全性關鍵。病人需維持胎兒姿勢（Fetal position），透過極度屈曲脊椎，使脊椎間隙張開，方便醫師進行穿刺。在此過程中，病人若移動，恐造成針頭偏離導致脊髓神經受損，因此維持絕對靜止是降低醫源性風險的最高原則。
Lumbar puncture is an invasive procedure, and proper positioning is critical to procedural success and safety. The patient must maintain a fetal position; extreme flexion of the spine widens the intervertebral spaces and facilitates needle insertion. During the procedure, any movement by the patient may cause the needle to deviate and injure the spinal nerves, so maintaining absolute stillness is the highest principle for reducing iatrogenic risk.