— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人因糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）入院，護理師預期會發現什麼症狀？
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which findings should the nurse anticipate during the assessment?
- AFruity breath odor✓ 正解水果味口臭
- BBradycardia心搏過緩
- CWeight gain體重增加
- DHypoventilation換氣不足
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DKA 病人因酮體代謝產生丙酮，呼氣會帶有水果味（Fruity odor）。身體為代償代謝性酸中毒，會出現庫斯莫爾呼吸（Kussmaul respirations，深快呼吸，非低換氣）。因利尿與嘔吐，病人會有脫水與體重減輕，心跳則因脫水而出現心搏過速。
In DKA, ketone metabolism produces acetone, giving the breath a fruity odor. To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the body develops Kussmaul respirations (deep, rapid breathing, not hypoventilation). Due to osmotic diuresis and vomiting, the patient experiences dehydration and weight loss, and the heart rate becomes tachycardic in response to volume depletion.
✦ 台美臨床差異
無差異。