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生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ

護理師準備進行輸血。哪項檢查是優先且最重要的?

A nurse is preparing to give a blood transfusion. What is the priority check?

  • AThe client's identification and blood type matching✓ 正解
    病人的身分識別與血型配對
  • BThe nurse's name
    護理師的姓名
  • CThe expiration date on the bag
    血袋上的有效期限
  • DThe physician's signature
    醫師的簽名
Explanation · 中文詳解

輸血(blood transfusion)是常見的醫療處置,但潛在的輸血反應(transfusion reactions)可能非常嚴重,甚至危及生命。因此,輸血安全是護理的首要考量。 核心概念:輸血反應中最危險的是ABO血型不合引起的溶血反應(hemolytic transfusion reaction)。這可能發生於病人輸用到與其血型不相容的血液時。 臨床思路:在執行任何有潛在風險的醫療程序前,必須進行嚴格的病人識別與物品核對。輸血前的「兩人核對」(two-person verification)是確保輸血安全的最關鍵步驟,旨在最大程度地預防醫療疏失。

The priority check before a blood transfusion is verifying the client's identity and ensuring blood type compatibility to prevent fatal hemolytic reactions. ABO incompatibility can cause severe, life-threatening complications, making strict two-person verification essential. While expiration dates and physician orders are important, correct patient identification is the primary safety measure.

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