一位第 3 期慢性腎臟病（CKD）病人自述疲倦且厭食，下列哪種飲食建議最合適？

慢性腎臟病（CKD）第 3 期意味著腎絲球過濾率（GFR）持續下降，無法有效代謝氮質廢物及調節電解質。適當的飲食干預能減緩腎功能惡化速度。限制蛋白質攝取可減輕腎臟過濾蛋白質代謝產物（如尿素氮）的負擔；限制鈉攝取則能預防高血壓及體液滯留。疲倦與厭食常與代謝性酸中毒或尿毒症相關，因此在控制蛋白攝取時，需確保攝入高品質蛋白質以維持營養需求。臨床上，護理師應評估病人的營養攝取狀況，並與營養師合作調整飲食計畫。

Stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) signals a continuing decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), with reduced ability to clear nitrogenous wastes and regulate electrolytes. Appropriate dietary interventions can slow further deterioration of renal function. Restricting protein intake reduces the renal burden of filtering protein metabolism by-products (such as BUN); limiting sodium prevents hypertension and fluid retention. Fatigue and anorexia are often related to metabolic acidosis or uremia, so when limiting protein, ensure that intake is of high-quality protein to meet nutritional needs. Clinically, the nurse should assess the client's nutritional intake and collaborate with a dietitian to adjust the dietary plan.