— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位腹部術後病人，哪項護理措施有助於預防深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）？
A client is recovering from abdominal surgery. Which nursing intervention helps prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- AEncourage early ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期下床活動
- BMaintain a pillow under the knees在膝蓋下墊枕頭
- CKeep the client on strict bed rest讓病人嚴格臥床休息
- DAvoid leg exercises避免腿部運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）常見於術後長期臥床的病人，原因在於血液鬱滯（Venous stasis）。早期下床活動（Early ambulation）能透過小腿肌肉泵浦功能（Muscle pump），促進血液回流至心臟，減少血液在下肢靜脈鬱滯，是預防 DVT 最有效且經濟的非藥物措施。術後護理應鼓勵病人儘早進行床邊活動或下床行走。
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common postoperative complication caused by venous stasis due to immobility. Early ambulation utilizes the skeletal muscle pump in the legs to stimulate venous return to the heart, effectively reducing blood pooling in the lower extremities. Therefore, encouraging the client to walk as soon as possible is the most effective non-pharmacological preventive measure.