— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位甲狀腺功能亢進伴隨眼球突出（Exophthalmos）的病人，何項處置合適？
Which intervention is appropriate for a client with hyperthyroidism experiencing exophthalmos?
- AApply artificial tears to prevent corneal dryness✓ 正解塗抹人工淚液以預防角膜乾燥
- BEncourage the client to sleep with their head flat鼓勵病人平躺睡覺
- CApply hot compresses to the eyes對眼睛進行熱敷
- DAdvise against using sunglasses建議不要使用太陽眼鏡
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺功能亢進（Hyperthyroidism）常伴隨葛瑞夫茲氏病（Graves' disease），其引起的眼球突出（Exophthalmos）導致眼瞼無法完全閉合，使角膜暴露於空氣中，極易發生乾燥、潰瘍甚至感染。護理核心目標為保護視力與預防角膜受損。除了使用人工淚液，還應建議病人墊高頭部睡覺以減少眼窩靜脈回流壓力，並建議白天佩戴太陽眼鏡減少強光刺激。
Clients with exophthalmos from hyperthyroidism often cannot fully close their eyelids, putting them at risk for corneal dryness and ulceration; therefore, applying artificial tears is essential to protect the eyes. Additional interventions include elevating the head during sleep to reduce periorbital edema and wearing sunglasses to minimize photophobia.