— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在評估一位有深層靜脈栓塞（DVT）病史的病人。哪項症狀最能指示潛在的併發症？
A nurse is assessing a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which symptom is most indicative of a potential complication?
- APain that increases with ambulation行走時疼痛加劇
- BLeg swelling腿部腫脹
- CSudden onset of shortness of breath and chest pain✓ 正解突發性呼吸困難和胸痛
- DRedness and warmth in the affected leg患肢發紅和發熱
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DVT 的最嚴重併發症是肺栓塞（pulmonary embolism, PE），其典型症狀為突發性呼吸困難、胸痛（尤其是深呼吸時）、心搏過速、咳血等。腿部腫脹、發紅、溫暖和行走時疼痛是 DVT 本身的常見症狀，但不直接代表 PE。
The most serious complication of DVT is pulmonary embolism (PE); its typical symptoms include sudden-onset dyspnea, chest pain (especially on deep breathing), tachycardia, and hemoptysis. Leg swelling, redness, warmth, and pain on walking are common symptoms of DVT itself but are not direct indicators of PE.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對於 DVT 病人的抗凝血治療與肺栓塞預防有嚴格的準則，護理師會密切監測；台灣的照護模式類似，但病人對 PE 症狀的警覺性與回報意願可能影響早期診斷。