一位病人診斷為癌症末期，醫師建議安寧療護。配偶強烈反對，但病人表示：「我想在家安詳地走。」護理師的哪項行動最能體現「病人倡議」（Advocacy）？
A client is diagnosed with terminal cancer and the physician has recommended hospice care. The client's spouse is adamantly against hospice, but the client states, "I want to die peacefully at home." Which action by the nurse best demonstrates advocacy?
- AExplain to the spouse that the client's autonomy and self-determination must be respected.向配偶解釋必須尊重病人的自主權和自我決定
- BSupport the spouse's wishes because they will be the one grieving after the client passes.支持配偶的願望，因為在病人去世後將由配偶承受哀傷
- CFacilitate a family meeting to allow the client to express their wishes directly to the spouse.✓ 正解安排家族會議，讓病人能直接向配偶表達其願望
- DEncourage the client to discuss the matter further with their physician to change their mind.鼓勵病人與醫師進一步討論此事以改變心意
倡議者（Advocate）的核心職責是確保病人的聲音被聽見並尊重其自主權。在此情境中，病人與家屬之間存在衝突。選項 C 是最佳行動，因為護理師不應直接站在配偶的對立面（如選項 A 可能引發防衛心），而是要創造一個安全、支持性的溝通平台，讓病人的意願直接傳達給家人，這有助於達成共識並確保病人的自主決策（Autonomy）得以實行。選項 B 違反了以病人為中心的原則；選項 D 則暗示護理師試圖操縱病人的決定，這與倡議精神背道而馳。護理師在此角色中是溝通的橋樑，而非決定權的仲裁者。
The nurse acts as an advocate by facilitating a family meeting to ensure the client’s autonomous wishes are communicated directly to the spouse in a supportive environment. This approach respects the client's right to self-determination while avoiding direct confrontation that could escalate conflict between the family members.
美國非常強調病人自主權與《病人自決法案》，家屬通常不能推翻病人的醫療指示；台灣受儒家文化影響，家屬意見（家族共決）權重極高，護理師常需在法律、病人意願與家庭和諧之間艱難平衡。