— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位剛接受全髖關節置換術的病人。下列哪項措施對於預防髖關節脫位至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone a total hip arthroplasty. Which action is essential to prevent hip dislocation?
- AMaintain the hip in abduction using an abduction pillow✓ 正解使用外展枕維持髖關節外展
- BRemove all pillows from the bed to maintain proper alignment移除床上所有枕頭以維持正確姿勢
- CEnsure the client flexes the hip more than 90 degrees during transfers確保病人在轉移時髖關節屈曲超過 90 度
- DEncourage the client to cross their legs while sitting in a chair鼓勵病人在坐椅子時交叉雙腿
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術後，術側髖關節需保持外展（Abduction）以預防股骨頭從關節窩脫出。使用外展枕（Abduction pillow）固定雙腿間距，可避免內收（Adduction），這是術後早期防止脫位的標準護理措施。過度彎曲髖關節（>90度）或交叉雙腿均會增加脫位風險，應嚴格限制。
To prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty, the nurse must maintain the hip in abduction using an abduction pillow. This positioning prevents adduction of the surgical limb. The client should avoid flexing the hip beyond 90 degrees or crossing legs, as these movements increase the risk of prosthetic dislocation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對於術後姿勢限制衛教原則相似，但台灣更重視家屬衛教，因為術後照護常由家屬執行。