— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在照顧一位體溫 102.5°F（39.2°C）的病人。下列哪項護理措施最能有效降低病人體溫？
A nurse is caring for a client with a fever of 102.5°F (39.2°C). Which nursing intervention is most effective in reducing the client's temperature?
- AProvide a tepid sponge bath提供溫水擦澡
- BIncrease fluid intake增加水分攝取
- CApply a cooling blanket使用冷卻毯
- DAdminister antipyretic medication✓ 正解給予退燒藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
體溫調節受下視丘（hypothalamus）控制。發燒時，下視丘調定點上移，退燒藥物（antipyretics，如 acetaminophen 或 ibuprofen）能有效抑制前列腺素合成，使調定點恢復正常。這是降低體溫最直接且藥理學上最有效的介入方式。其他物理性退燒方式僅為輔助，且若使用不當（如冰水擦澡）反而可能引發寒顫，導致體溫回升。
Antipyretic medications act directly on the hypothalamus to reset the elevated thermoregulatory set point, making them the most effective method for reducing fever. Physical measures like sponging are adjunctive and may cause shivering, which can increase body temperature.