— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位 T4 脊髓損傷病人出現哪項評估結果提示為自主神經反射異常?
Which assessment finding in a client with a spinal cord injury at T4 suggests autonomic dysreflexia?
- ACold, pale skin above the level of injury損傷平面以上皮膚冰冷蒼白
- BExtreme hypertension and bradycardia✓ 正解極度高血壓和心搏過緩
- CFlaccid paralysis below the level of injury損傷平面以下弛緩性麻痺
- DHypotension and tachycardia低血壓和心搏過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
自主神經反射異常(Autonomic Dysreflexia, AD)是一種發生在脊髓損傷位於 T6 或更高節段的病人身上的危及生命的緊急狀況。當損傷部位以下的身體區域受到有害刺激時(如膀胱脹滿、大便嵌塞、壓瘡等),會引起無法受大腦抑制的過度交感神經反應。這導致損傷部位以下的血管劇烈收縮,血壓急劇升高。此時,護理師需快速識別並立即處理,因為延遲治療可能導致腦出血、癲癇甚至死亡。
Autonomic dysreflexia typically presents with severe hypertension and bradycardia due to an unregulated sympathetic response to stimuli below the level of injury. This life-threatening condition requires immediate identification and intervention to prevent complications such as stroke or seizures.