— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位急性胰臟炎病人目前禁食並給予靜脈輸液。護理師應最關注哪種電解質不平衡？
A client with acute pancreatitis is NPO and receiving IV fluids. Which electrolyte imbalance is the nurse most concerned about?
- AHypermagnesemia高鎂血症
- BHyperkalemia高鉀血症
- CHypocalcemia✓ 正解低鈣血症
- DHyponatremia低鈉血症
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎時，脂肪酶會分解脂肪，脂肪酸與鈣離子結合形成皂化反應，導致血鈣降低。低血鈣會引發特沃索氏徵象（Trousseau's sign）及庫斯托氏徵象（Chvostek's sign），嚴重者可能導致心律不整或喉頭痙攣，是此疾病最致命的電解質併發症之一。
In acute pancreatitis, fat necrosis releases fatty acids that bind with calcium, leading to hypocalcemia. This electrolyte imbalance is a critical concern because severe hypocalcemia can cause life-threatening complications such as laryngospasm and cardiac arrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於胰臟炎病人的監測標準相似，皆強調鈣離子與 QT 間期的監測。