— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位有高血壓病史的病人即將進行手術，護理師需採取哪些措施以提升病人的舒適感？（選所有適合的）
A client with a history of hypertension is scheduled for a surgical procedure. The nurse identifies several factors related to comfort. Which actions should the nurse take to promote comfort? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain a warm environment✓ 正解維持溫暖的環境
- BAllow the client to express anxiety✓ 正解允許病人表達焦慮
- CMinimize noise levels on the unit✓ 正解降低病區的噪音水平
- DSchedule all care activities consecutively✓ 正解連續安排所有護理活動
- ELimit family visitation to maximize rest限制家屬探視以最大化休息
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術前舒適護理的核心在於降低壓力、維持恆溫與連續性的休息。溫暖環境可放鬆肌肉，傾聽能緩解焦慮，低噪音能減少刺激，連續性護理（Cluster care）能避免頻繁打斷病人的休息時間。限制探視需視病人需求而定，不可單方面全數限制。
Promoting preoperative comfort involves maintaining a warm environment to relax muscles, minimizing noise to reduce sensory overload, and allowing the client to verbalize anxiety to alleviate psychological distress. Clustering care activities ensures uninterrupted periods of rest, whereas limiting family visitation is not standard as support often enhances comfort.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院非常重視 Cluster Care，台灣因護病比高，護理師常需利用護理時段完成所有任務以節省奔波。