護理師照護一位拒絕進食的失智症病人，下列哪些策略可有效促進其攝取營養？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is assisting a client with dementia who is refusing to eat. What are the best strategies to encourage nutritional intake? (Select all that apply.)
- AServe food with high-contrast colors on the plate✓ 正解在餐盤上使用高對比顏色的食物
- BOffer small, frequent meals throughout the day✓ 正解全天提供少量多餐
- CEnsure the dining environment is stimulating and bright確保用餐環境刺激且明亮
- DProvide finger foods that the client can eat easily✓ 正解提供病人易於食用的手指食物
- EMaintain a consistent routine for meal times✓ 正解維持固定的用餐時間常規
失智症病人進食障礙多與知覺混亂有關。使用高對比度餐具可幫助視覺識別；少量多餐能降低進食壓力；手指食物適合活動力強或專注力低的病人；固定的儀式感能降低焦慮。C 錯誤，過多的聲光刺激會干擾病人注意力，應保持環境單純安靜。
High-contrast plates help clients with visuospatial deficits identify food, while small, frequent meals prevent fatigue and improve intake. Finger foods promote independence and reduce frustration for those with motor or cognitive impairments. Maintaining a consistent routine minimizes confusion and anticipatory anxiety. Conversely, a highly stimulating environment can cause distraction and agitation, so a quiet setting is preferred.
美國失智照護強調環境友善設計（Person-Centered Care）；台灣受限空間與人力，有時採取強制灌食較多，正逐漸轉向尊重自主。