— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助行動受限的病人從床上移位至椅子。為了確保人體工學安全，護理師應採取哪項行動？
A nurse is assisting a client with limited mobility to transfer from the bed to a chair. Which action should the nurse take to ensure safe body mechanics?
- ABend at the waist to maintain balance彎腰以保持平衡
- BTwist the torso while lifting the client搬運病人時扭轉軀幹
- CKeep the client's body close to the nurse's center of gravity✓ 正解將病人身體緊貼護理師的重心
- DUse the back muscles to provide the necessary force使用背部肌肉提供所需之力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人體工學（Body mechanics）的核心原則在於維持穩定性並減少脊椎壓力。物理學上，當負重物越靠近身體重心（Center of gravity），力矩越小，護理師背部肌肉所需承受的張力就越低。正確的轉位方式應運用下肢大肌肉群（如股四頭肌）而非背部肌肉，並確保雙腳站穩以擴大基底面積，避免軀幹扭轉（Twisting）。
Keeping the client close to the nurse's center of gravity reduces the lever arm effect, thereby decreasing strain on the back muscles during the transfer. Safe body mechanics also involve using leg muscles for strength and avoiding twisting or bending at the waist.