護理師準備給予心衰竭病人 Digoxin。哪項評估發現應讓護理師暫緩給藥並通知醫師?
The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client with heart failure. Which assessment finding should lead the nurse to withhold the medication and notify the provider?
- ARespiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute呼吸頻率為每分鐘 18 次
- BSerum digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL血清地高辛濃度為 1.2 ng/mL
- CApical pulse of 52 beats per minute✓ 正解心尖脈搏為每分鐘 52 次
- DBlood pressure of 130/80 mmHg血壓為 130/80 mmHg
Digoxin 具有負性頻率作用(Negative chronotropic effect),會減慢心率。在給藥前,護理師必須測量「心尖脈」(Apical pulse)整整一分鐘。對於成人,如果心率低於 60 次/分,通常需要暫緩給藥,因為這可能是強心劑過量的早期徵兆或會進一步惡化心動過緩。Digoxin 正常治療濃度為 0.5-2.0 ng/mL,因此 1.2(B)在正常範圍內。呼吸(A)與血壓(D)在此情境下正常。護理師的優先責任是確保用藥安全,識別出心動過緩這一臨床禁忌,從而預防潛在的強心劑中毒風險。這是藥物治療監測中減少病人風險的基本要求。
Digoxin has a negative chronotropic effect, slowing the heart rate; therefore, the nurse must withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than 60 beats per minute in an adult to prevent toxicity. A serum digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL is within the therapeutic range of 0.5–2.0 ng/mL. Normal respiratory rate and stable blood pressure are not contraindications for administration.
美國 NCLEX 嚴格遵循「心尖脈一分鐘」的標準;台灣臨床上,部分單位可能以電子血壓計的心率值參考,但針對 Digoxin,標準程序仍應是徒手測量心尖脈以確保準確性。