護理師正準備進行輸血。應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to perform a blood transfusion. Which actions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the client's identity with another licensed professional✓ 正解由另一位執業人員協助核對病人身分
- BEnsure the blood product is started within 30 minutes of arrival from the blood bank✓ 正解確保血液製品從血庫取回後 30 分鐘內開始輸注
- CUse a 22-gauge needle or larger for the infusion✓ 正解使用 22 號或更大規格的針頭進行輸注
- DMonitor the client for signs of febrile or hemolytic reactions✓ 正解監測病人是否有發熱性或溶血性反應跡象
- EFlush the tubing with Dextrose 5% in water before starting在開始前用 5% 葡萄糖水沖洗管路
輸血是高風險行為，雙人核對與確認身分是預防輸血錯誤的首要規則。輸血需在領取後 30 分鐘內開始，並選用適當管徑（至少 20G）避免血球破裂。輸血期間需密切觀察反應，而 D5W 溶液會導致紅血球凝集，禁止與血液同時輸注。
Blood transfusion is a high-risk procedure, and two-nurse verification with confirmation of the client's identity is the primary rule for preventing transfusion errors. The transfusion must begin within 30 minutes after the unit is picked up and use an appropriately sized catheter (at least 20G) to avoid hemolysis. The client should be closely monitored for reactions during the transfusion, and D5W solution must not be infused with blood because it causes red blood cell agglutination.
台美輸血管路皆限用生理食鹽水，但美國部分醫院由護理師一人即可核對（視機構政策），台灣則嚴格規定必須雙人簽名。