— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · SATA —
護理師評估一位患有重度憂鬱症的病人,哪些發現符合此診斷?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is assessing a client with major depressive disorder. Which findings are consistent with the diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
- AAnhedonia✓ 正解快感缺失
- BPsychomotor agitation or retardation✓ 正解精神運動性激越或遲滯
- CPersistent feelings of worthlessness✓ 正解持續的無價值感
- DFlight of ideas意念飛躍
- ESleep disturbances✓ 正解睡眠障礙
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
重度憂鬱症的主要表現包括情感缺失(Anhedonia,失去快感)、精神運動障礙、自我價值感低落以及睡眠障礙。Flight of ideas(意念飛躍)通常是躁狂發作(Bipolar Disorder)的特徵,而非憂鬱症表現。
Findings consistent with major depressive disorder include anhedonia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, persistent feelings of worthlessness, and sleep disturbances. Flight of ideas is not a symptom of depression but is typically associated with manic episodes in bipolar disorder.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣診斷多參考 DSM-5,與美國執業標準一致,但在評估工具使用上台灣較常使用 PHQ-9 量表做門診篩檢。