— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一名病人被診斷為抗利尿激素不適當分泌症候群（SIADH）。下列哪項護理措施對於維持生理穩定最重要？
A client is diagnosed with SIADH. Which nursing intervention is the priority for maintaining physiological stability?
- AEncourage a high-protein diet鼓勵高蛋白飲食
- BRestrict daily fluid intake✓ 正解限制每日液體攝取
- CAdminister isotonic saline infusion輸注等張食鹽水
- DIncrease dietary potassium intake增加膳食鉀攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SIADH（抗利尿激素分泌失調症候群）導致抗利尿激素（ADH）過度分泌，使腎臟過度保留水分，造成稀釋性低血鈉。治療的核心在於嚴格限制液體攝入（Fluid restriction），以防止水分過度負荷導致的腦水腫。護理師需監控輸出入量、體重與血清鈉離子濃度，若病人出現神經症狀（如混亂、癲癇），則需立即報告，因為這代表低血鈉已影響神經系統。
SIADH causes excessive water retention leading to dilutional hyponatremia, making fluid restriction the primary nursing intervention. This measure helps prevent complications such as cerebral edema and maintains physiological stability.