— 照護管理 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照護一位診斷為愛迪生氏症（Addison's disease）的病人，下列何項發現顯示可能發生愛迪生氏症危象？
A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of Addison's disease. Which finding indicates a potential Addisonian crisis?
- AClient reports increased appetite案主表示食慾增加
- BClient develops sudden, severe vomiting and diarrhea✓ 正解案主出現突然且嚴重的嘔吐和腹瀉
- CClient's blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg案主的血壓為 140/90 mmHg
- DClient's skin is becoming darker案主的皮膚變黑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
愛迪生氏症（Addison's disease）是腎上腺皮質功能不足，病人處於隨時可能發生「愛迪生氏症危象（Addisonian crisis）」的風險中。這是一種致命的內分泌急症，常見誘因為壓力、感染或脫水，表現為嚴重的嘔吐、腹瀉導致脫水、低血壓與低血糖。劇烈的腸胃道症狀會加速脫水與休克，是病情危急的警訊。
An Addisonian crisis is a life-threatening emergency characterized by severe vomiting and diarrhea, leading to rapid dehydration, hypotension, and shock. These gastrointestinal symptoms accelerate fluid and electrolyte loss, requiring immediate intervention. Chronic signs like hyperpigmentation or increased appetite are not indicators of this acute crisis.