護理師指導新進人員關於知情同意的角色，何者正確？
A nurse is teaching a new nurse about the nurse's role in informed consent. Which statement is correct?
- AThe nurse witnesses the signature✓ 正解護理師見證簽名
- BThe nurse obtains the consent from the patient護理師向病人取得同意
- CThe nurse explains the surgical risks護理師說明手術風險
- DThe nurse explains the alternative treatments護理師說明替代治療
知情同意（Informed Consent）的法律核心在於病人自主權與知情權。護理師在流程中的角色是『見證者』，負責確認病人簽署時意識清晰、無受脅迫且自願簽署。解釋手術細節、風險、潛在併發症及替代療法，屬於進行該項醫療處置的醫師之法律職責與專業範圍。護理師若代為解釋，若發生資訊落差或錯誤，將面臨法律糾紛與醫療糾紛的風險。
The legal core of informed consent lies in the client's autonomy and right to know. The nurse's role in the process is that of a "witness," responsible for confirming that the client is alert, free of coercion, and signing voluntarily. Explaining surgical details, risks, potential complications, and alternative therapies is the legal and professional responsibility of the provider performing the procedure. If a nurse provides such explanations and there is a gap or error in the information, this can lead to legal and medical disputes.
在美國，知情同意的法律責任非常嚴格。醫師若未親自解釋而由護理師代勞，在醫療訴訟中會被視為程序違規。台灣臨床偶爾會有醫師請護理師代為說明的情況，但赴美執業務必嚴守界線，護理師僅負責見證簽名。