— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位嚴重脫水的病人。哪項發現表示液體復甦有效？
A nurse is caring for a client with severe dehydration. Which finding indicates that fluid resuscitation is effective?
- ACool, clammy skin皮膚冰冷潮濕
- BDecreased specific gravity of urine✓ 正解尿液比重降低
- CIncreased heart rate心搏過速
- DDecreased urine output尿量減少
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嚴重脫水（Severe Dehydration）時，體液容積不足導致腎臟為了保水而濃縮尿液，使尿比重（Urine Specific Gravity）升高。當給予液體復甦（Fluid Resuscitation）有效後，循環血量恢復，腎臟灌流量增加，尿液會由濃縮轉為稀釋，尿比重隨之下降。這是客觀評估病人補液效果的重要指標，結合尿量增加與生命徵象穩定，能有效判斷治療是否奏效。
Decreased urine specific gravity indicates effective fluid resuscitation, as it reflects improved renal perfusion and the dilution of concentrated urine caused by dehydration.