— 照護管理 · HARD · MCQ —
一位意識清楚的病人拒絕接受輸血。護理師優先採取之行動為何？
A nurse is caring for a patient who is refusing a blood transfusion. The patient is alert and oriented. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AAsk the family to convince the patient要求家屬說服病人
- BExplain the life-saving nature of the transfusion again再次解釋輸血挽救生命的性質
- CDocument the refusal in the medical record在病歷中記錄拒絕事項
- DNotify the healthcare provider about the refusal✓ 正解通知醫療提供者有關拒絕之事
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
病人的自主權（Autonomy）是現代醫療倫理的核心。當意識清楚的病人拒絕治療時，護理師的首要責任是維護病人的權利，但同時必須確保醫師充分告知拒絕治療後的後果。護理師應立即通知醫師，讓醫師進行再次說明與評估，確保病人是在「知情同意」或「知情拒絕」的情況下做出決定，隨後護理師再詳細記錄病人的拒絕理由與醫師的說明過程。
The nurse must respect the client's right to autonomy while ensuring the decision is informed; therefore, notifying the healthcare provider is the priority action. This allows the physician to discuss the risks and consequences of refusing the transfusion with the client, ensuring the refusal is made with full understanding before documentation occurs.