— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
對於中風病人，下列哪項措施能降低吸入性肺炎風險？
Which nursing intervention reduces the risk of aspiration in a patient with a stroke?
- AFeed the patient quickly to finish the meal快速餵食病人以完成進餐
- BPlace the patient in a supine position讓病人採取仰臥姿勢
- COffer thin liquids to aid swallowing提供稀薄液體以協助吞嚥
- DProvide small bites and tuck the chin while swallowing✓ 正解提供小口食物並在吞嚥時收下巴
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
中風病人常有吞嚥障礙。下巴內收（chin tuck）可保護氣道避免食物進入。稀流質（thin liquids）最易造成吸入，通常需加增稠劑。病人應採坐姿（upright）而非平躺。進食需緩慢，不可催促。
Providing small bites and tucking the chin while swallowing helps protect the airway and reduces aspiration risk in stroke patients with dysphagia. The chin-tuck maneuver facilitates safer swallowing, whereas supine positioning, thin liquids, and rapid feeding significantly increase the likelihood of aspirating food or fluids.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院設有專門的吞嚥評估團隊（Speech-Language Pathologist），台灣多由護理師與醫師合作進行初篩。