— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位慢性腎臟病病人血鉀值為 6.2 mEq/L,護理師預期給予哪種藥物?
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer?
- ASevelamerSevelamer(司維拉姆)
- BCalcium gluconateCalcium gluconate(葡萄糖酸鈣)
- CSodium polystyrene sulfonate✓ 正解Sodium polystyrene sulfonate(聚苯乙烯磺酸鈉)
- DFurosemideFurosemide(呋塞米)
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
血鉀 6.2 為高血鉀症。Sodium polystyrene sulfonate(陽離子交換樹脂)透過腸道交換並排出鉀離子,為標準降鉀藥。Calcium gluconate 用於保護心肌,不降血鉀。Furosemide 適用於腎功能尚存者,但非首選。Sevelamer 為磷結合劑,用於控制血磷。
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is administered to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium in the gastrointestinal tract for excretion. While calcium gluconate stabilizes the heart, it does not lower serum potassium levels.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國常規使用 patiromer 等新型降鉀藥,台灣則較常使用傳統陽離子交換樹脂。