— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人使用 Warfarin（抗凝血劑）。應包含哪些衛教內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about warfarin therapy. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- AAvoid the use of electric razors避免使用電動刮鬍刀
- BMaintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods✓ 正解維持攝取富含維生素K的食物量一致
- CReport any unusual bruising or bleeding✓ 正解報告任何異常的瘀青或出血
- DUse a soft-bristled toothbrush✓ 正解使用軟毛牙刷
- ETake aspirin as needed for pain relief按需服用阿斯匹靈以緩解疼痛
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Warfarin 衛教重點在於出血風險管理。需維持維生素 K 攝取穩定（波動會影響凝血效果）、使用軟毛牙刷防牙齦出血、回報異常瘀青。電動刮鬍刀比一般剃刀更安全，應鼓勵使用。避免自行服用阿斯匹靈，因會加重出血風險。
Clients on warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods to prevent fluctuations in anticoagulant effectiveness. Teaching also includes using a soft-bristled toothbrush to minimize gum trauma and reporting any unusual bruising or bleeding promptly. Electric razors are safer than manual ones, and aspirin should be avoided due to increased bleeding risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常會衛教 INR 的意義；台灣護理師亦同，且兩地皆強調用藥安全與藥物交互作用。