— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位腹水與肝硬化病人，下列哪項措施能降低併發症風險？
A nurse is caring for a client with ascites and cirrhosis. Which intervention reduces the risk of complications?
- AEncourage a high-protein diet鼓勵高蛋白飲食
- BMonitor abdominal girth daily✓ 正解每日監測腹圍
- CAdminister NSAIDs for abdominal pain給予非類固醇消炎止痛藥（NSAIDs）緩解腹痛
- DIncrease daily fluid intake增加每日水分攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肝硬化導致門靜脈高壓，造成腹水（ascites）積聚，增加腹腔壓力並影響換氣。監測腹圍（abdominal girth）是評估腹水增減、體液滯留及治療成效最直接且無侵入性的指標。護理重點在於早期發現體液過載的惡化。其他選項如高蛋白飲食可能誘發肝昏迷（hepatic encephalopathy），NSAIDs 會加重肝腎負擔與出血風險，而限水而非增加飲水才是治療原則。
Daily monitoring of abdominal girth is the most effective non-invasive method to track fluid accumulation and assess the efficacy of treatment for ascites in clients with cirrhosis. Other interventions such as increasing protein or fluid intake may exacerbate complications like hepatic encephalopathy or fluid overload, while NSAIDs pose significant risks of bleeding and renal impairment.