— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
下列哪些活動適合用於減少術後病人深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）的風險？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following activities are appropriate to reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in postoperative clients? (Select all that apply.)
- AEarly ambulation✓ 正解早期下床活動
- BApplication of pneumatic compression devices✓ 正解使用氣壓式加壓裝置
- CLeg exercises (ankle pumps)✓ 正解腿部運動（足踝幫浦運動）
- DApplying pressure to the popliteal space對膕窩施加壓力
- EMaintaining hydration✓ 正解維持水分充足
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防 DVT 的核心在於促進血液循環避免鬱積。早期下床活動、使用壓力襪或氣壓式循環機（SCDs）、足踝幫浦運動與維持充足水分皆有助於靜脈回流。絕對禁止在膕窩（Popliteal space）施壓，因為這會阻斷靜脈血液流動並導致血栓生成。
DVT prevention focuses on promoting circulation and avoiding venous stasis. Early ambulation, compression stockings or sequential compression devices (SCDs), ankle pump exercises, and adequate hydration all facilitate venous return. Pressure on the popliteal space is strictly contraindicated, as it obstructs venous flow and promotes thrombus formation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於 SCDs 的使用規範一致，但美國醫院對於早期下床的指標監測更為結構化。