護理師教導病人如何預防導管相關泌尿道感染(CAUTIs),哪項指示最重要?
A nurse is educating a client about preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Which instruction is most important?
- AClean the perineal area daily with soap and water.✓ 正解每日用肥皂和水清潔會陰部。
- BEmpty the drainage bag every shift.每班排空引流袋。
- CDrink plenty of fluids.攝取大量液體。
- DEnsure the catheter tubing is coiled on the bed.確保導尿管管路盤繞在床上。
導管相關泌尿道感染(Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections, CAUTIs)是醫院內常見的感染之一。預防 CAUTIs 的關鍵在於維持導管系統的密閉性,並減少病原體進入尿道的機會。正確答案 A 指出「每日使用肥皂和水清潔會陰部」,這是預防 CAUTIs 最重要且最根本的措施之一。清潔會陰部可以清除可能逆行進入尿道的細菌,尤其是在導管接口周圍。選項 C(多喝水)有助於稀釋尿液並增加排尿頻率,間接有助於沖刷尿道,但清潔會陰更為直接。選項 B(定時清空尿袋)是維持引流系統通暢和預防管路內細菌滋生的標準護理,但非首要預防感染的措施。選項 D(捲曲導管)的說法不正確,導管應維持暢通且有引力坡度,避免扭結或阻塞,更不應捲曲在床上,這反而可能導致尿液滯留。
Daily perineal hygiene with soap and water is the most important instruction for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections because it removes bacteria that could enter the urethra. While increasing fluid intake helps flush the bladder, maintaining strict perineal cleanliness is the primary preventive measure against ascending infections.
無顯著差異。預防導管相關泌尿道感染(CAUTIs)的原則,包括會陰部護理的重要性,在台灣與美國的照護標準中是一致的。兩地醫療機構都會強調每日清潔、維持引流系統密閉性等措施。