— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導病人使用誘發性肺量計。下列哪些說明是正確的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an incentive spirometer. Which instructions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AInhale slowly and deeply✓ 正解緩慢且深長地吸氣
- BExhale forcefully into the device向裝置用力呼氣
- CKeep a tight seal around the mouthpiece✓ 正解使口部與吹嘴之間保持緊密封閉
- DUse the device every 1-2 hours while awake✓ 正解在清醒期間每 1-2 小時使用一次裝置
- ECough after each set of repetitions✓ 正解每次重複動作後進行咳嗽
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
誘發性肺量計（Incentive Spirometer, IS）是用於促進深呼吸、預防術後肺塌陷（Atelectasis）與肺炎的呼吸練習工具。核心機制是鼓勵病人進行緩慢、深長的吸氣，以擴張肺泡，並透過規律練習維持肺部擴張。正確的步驟包括：直立坐姿、含緊吹嘴、緩慢深吸、暫停呼吸、最後咳嗽以清除痰液。
To effectively use an incentive spirometer, the client should maintain a tight seal around the mouthpiece and inhale slowly and deeply to expand the alveoli. The device should be used every 1 to 2 hours while awake to prevent atelectasis, and the client should cough after each set of repetitions to clear mobilized secretions.