— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在接受全靜脈營養（TPN），護理師每日應進行哪項優先評估？
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which priority assessment should the nurse perform daily?
- APeripheral edema周邊水腫
- BDaily weight每日體重
- CAbdominal bowel sounds腹部腸鳴音
- DSerum blood glucose level✓ 正解血清血糖濃度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全靜脈營養（TPN）溶液含有極高濃度的葡萄糖與胺基酸，極易引發代謝併發症，其中高血糖（Hyperglycemia）是最常見且威脅最大的副作用。病人可能因胰島素分泌不足或對葡萄糖耐受性差，導致血糖急劇升高，進而引發高滲透壓非酮酸性昏迷（HHNK）。因此，每日監測血糖是預防代謝危象的首要任務。其他選項雖也是照護重點，但相比於血糖波動對生命徵象的立即威脅，血糖監測具有最高的優先級（Priority）。
Total parenteral nutrition contains high concentrations of glucose, which significantly increases the risk of hyperglycemia and potential complications like hyperosmolar nonketotic coma. Therefore, monitoring serum blood glucose levels is the highest priority daily assessment to ensure metabolic stability and prevent life-threatening emergencies.