— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀。下列哪項安全措施為優先要務？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously. Which safety action is the highest priority?
- AMonitor the client's serum potassium levels監測患者的血清鉀水平
- BAssess the client's urine output prior to administration在給藥前評估患者的尿量
- CVerify the concentration and infusion rate via an infusion pump✓ 正解透過輸注幫浦確認濃度與輸注速率
- DEnsure the client has a patent peripheral IV line確保患者周邊靜脈通路暢通
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注鉀離子屬於高警戒用藥，直接推注極易導致心律不整甚至心跳停止。因此，最優先的安全防護是確認濃度與速率，且必須透過輸液幫浦控制，避免濃度過高或速率過快引起組織刺激或致命性心律失常。尿量評估也是重點，但在給藥前的即時給藥安全控制上，幫浦校準最關鍵。
Intravenous potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias if infused too rapidly. Therefore, the highest priority safety action is to verify the concentration and ensure the infusion rate is strictly controlled by an infusion pump.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國法規對高警示用藥有嚴格的輸液幫浦要求；台灣現亦普及，但部分基層單位仍需嚴加落實。