— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護髖關節置換術後病人，下列何項措施對預防術後靜脈栓塞（VTE）最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is most effective in preventing postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE)?
- APerforming passive range of motion exercises執行被動關節活動運動
- BEncouraging early ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期下床活動
- CApplying compression stockings穿戴彈性襪
- DAdministering prophylactic anticoagulants給予預防性抗凝血劑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈栓塞（VTE）在髖關節置換術後是嚴重的併發症。早期下床活動（Early ambulation）是利用肌肉收縮（Muscle pump）效應促進下肢靜脈回流，是預防血栓形成最直接且有效的非藥物性護理措施。藥物抗凝血劑（Anticoagulants）與壓力襪雖為輔助手段，但早期活動透過物理性循環促進，對預防血液淤滯的機制最為關鍵。
Early ambulation is the most effective non-pharmacological intervention because muscle contraction during walking significantly enhances venous return and reduces stasis. While compression stockings and anticoagulants are useful adjuncts, active movement provides the primary mechanical mechanism for preventing deep vein thrombosis.