— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師教導一位被處方使用華法林的病人。護理師應指導病人適量攝取下列哪種食物？
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is prescribed warfarin. Which food item should the nurse instruct the client to consume in moderation?
- AChicken雞肉
- BRice米飯
- CBroccoli✓ 正解花椰菜
- DFish魚肉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
華法林（Warfarin）的作用機轉是抑制維生素 K 依賴性凝血因子的合成。飲食中維生素 K 的攝取量會直接影響該藥物的抗凝血效果。花椰菜、菠菜等深綠色葉菜含有大量維生素 K，若病人突然大量攝取，會抵銷藥物作用導致血栓風險；若突然停止攝取，則會導致抗凝效果過強引發出血。因此，護理師應教導病人「保持攝取量穩定」，而非完全禁食，這對於維持國際標準化比值（INR）的穩定至關重要。
Clients taking warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods like broccoli to stabilize the International Normalized Ratio (INR). Sudden increases in vitamin K can reduce the drug's anticoagulant effect, increasing thrombosis risk, while sudden decreases can heighten bleeding risk. Therefore, moderation and consistency are key, rather than complete avoidance.