— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人的血鉀濃度為 6.5 mEq/L,護理師應預期心電圖會出現什麼變化?
A client presents with a potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which finding should the nurse anticipate on the EKG?
- AProlonged QT intervalQT 間期延長
- BTall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高大尖銳的 T 波
- CProminent U waves顯著的 U 波
- DST segment depressionST 段低下
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀(hyperkalemia)導致心肌細胞再極化過快,在心電圖(EKG)上表現為 T 波尖銳高聳(tall, peaked T waves)。這是高血鉀的典型徵兆。若不及時處理,可能進一步演變為 PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬,甚至造成心室纖維顫動(VF)。護理師應立即通知醫師並執行降低血鉀的處置(如給予胰島素+葡萄糖、鈣離子等)。
Hyperkalemia accelerates myocardial repolarization, resulting in tall, peaked T waves on the electrocardiogram. This is an early and characteristic sign of elevated potassium levels, whereas prolonged QT intervals and prominent U waves are associated with hypocalcemia and hypokalemia, respectively.