— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
病人預計進行心導管檢查，下列哪項術前準備最為適當？
A client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for pre-procedure preparation?
- AAdminister a sedative three hours before the procedure在手術前三小時給予鎮靜劑
- BVerify the client's allergy to shellfish or iodine✓ 正解確認病人是否對貝殼類或碘過敏
- CPerform a complete skin shave of the entire lower body完全剃除下半身的毛髮
- DInstruct the client to remain NPO for 24 hours指示病人禁食 24 小時
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心導管檢查（Cardiac catheterization）需要使用含碘顯影劑，這對過敏體質的病人極具威脅。碘過敏可能引發過敏性休克（Anaphylaxis），因此，在術前評估過敏史（B）是確保病人安全的第一要務。其他準備如禁食時間需依照醫院規範（通常為 6-8 小時而非 24 小時），鎮靜劑需在必要時給予，皮膚剃毛範圍則需視檢查部位而定。
Verifying allergies to shellfish or iodine is critical because cardiac catheterization uses iodine-based contrast media, which can trigger severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis. NPO status is typically shorter than 24 hours, and sedatives are administered closer to the procedure time.