護理師照顧一位 SIADH（抗利尿激素分泌失調症）病人，應包含哪些護理計畫？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- ARestrict fluid intake✓ 正解限制液體攝取
- BMonitor daily weights✓ 正解監測每日體重
- CAdminister IV fluids with high sodium concentration給予高鈉濃度之靜脈輸液
- DIncrease sodium intake in the diet✓ 正解增加飲食中的鈉攝取
- EMaintain head of bed at 30 degrees維持床頭抬高 30 度
SIADH 的核心病理為抗利尿激素（ADH）不適當分泌，導致水分滯留、細胞外液稀釋，進而引發稀釋性低血鈉。護理重點在於嚴格控制水分攝取，以緩解水腫與稀釋效應；透過每日測量體重與監測攝入排出量（I&O），能最客觀反映體液平衡狀況；增加鈉攝取則有助於提升血鈉濃度。臨床上，需密切監測神經學狀態以防低血鈉引發的腦水腫。
The core pathology of SIADH is inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), causing water retention, dilution of extracellular fluid, and dilutional hyponatremia. Nursing priorities include strict fluid restriction to relieve edema and dilution effects; daily weights and monitoring of intake and output (I&O), which provide the most objective assessment of fluid balance; and increased sodium intake to help raise serum sodium. Clinically, neurologic status must be closely monitored to detect cerebral edema from hyponatremia.
在美國臨床中，針對 SIADH 病人，醫囑通常會詳細規範 Fluid Restriction 的具體毫升數（例如 800-1000ml/day）。護理師必須與膳食部門協調，確保病人的總攝水量（包含藥物給予的液體）不超過限制。