— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一名糖尿病病人出現低血糖症狀，護理師應預期看到哪些臨床表現？
A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing signs of hypoglycemia. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse anticipate?
- APolyuria and polydipsia多尿和多渴
- BHot, dry skin皮膚乾燥發熱
- CDeep, rapid respirations深而快的呼吸
- DDiaphoresis and tremors✓ 正解盜汗和顫抖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖（Hypoglycemia）會刺激交感神經系統釋放兒茶酚胺（Catecholamine），導致身體出現典型的急救反應。臨床表現包括冒冷汗（Diaphoresis）、手抖（Tremors）、心悸、飢餓感及焦慮。這些症狀是身體在提醒大腦需要補充能量。相比之下，高血糖則表現為口渴、多尿、皮膚乾燥等。
Hypoglycemia triggers the sympathetic nervous system to release catecholamines, resulting in classic signs such as diaphoresis (sweating), tremors, palpitations, and anxiety. These symptoms serve as the body's warning signal to replenish energy, distinguishing them from hyperglycemic manifestations like polyuria, polydipsia, and hot, dry skin.