— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
病人預計進行手術，護理師發現手術同意書尚未簽署。護理師的首要行動是什麼？
A client is scheduled for surgery. The nurse notices the consent form has not been signed. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AAsk the family to sign the consent form請家屬簽署同意書
- BExplain the surgical risks and benefits to the client向病人解釋手術風險與益處
- CReschedule the surgery immediately立即重新安排手術
- DCall the surgeon to explain the procedure and obtain consent✓ 正解聯絡外科醫師解釋手術程序並取得同意
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據醫療倫理與法律規範，執行手術的醫師（Surgeon）有義務向病人解釋手術風險、益處及替代方案，並取得知情同意（Informed Consent）。護理師的角色是確認病人已獲得充分資訊、評估病人理解能力，並見證病人的簽署過程，而非擔任說明者。若發現同意書未簽署，護理師的首要行動是立即通知醫師，以保障病人權益與醫療程序的合法性。
The surgeon is legally responsible for obtaining informed consent by explaining the procedure, risks, and benefits to the client. If the consent form is unsigned, the nurse must notify the surgeon immediately rather than attempting to explain the procedure or having family members sign.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國，Informed Consent 法律規範極嚴，護理師絕不可承擔解釋手術風險的角色，違者恐有法律責任。台灣臨床有時因人力與習慣，護理師會協助解釋，但在 NCLEX 考試中必須嚴格遵守醫師負責解釋的原則。