— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
護理師照顧一位甲狀腺機能亢進病人，應觀察到哪些臨床表徵？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- ATachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
- BWeight gain體重增加
- CHeat intolerance✓ 正解不耐熱
- DExophthalmos✓ 正解眼球突出
- EConstipation便秘
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺機能亢進（Hyperthyroidism）導致全身代謝速率亢進。心臟受交感神經興奮影響出現心搏過速（Tachycardia）；代謝增加導致產熱過多，出現耐熱度差（Heat intolerance）；凸眼（Exophthalmos）是 Grave's disease 的典型特徵。體重減輕（非增加）與腹瀉（非便秘）才是正確的臨床表現。
Hyperthyroidism increases the basal metabolic rate, leading to tachycardia due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation and heat intolerance from excess heat production. Exophthalmos is a classic sign associated with Graves' disease, the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Conversely, clients typically experience weight loss and increased gastrointestinal motility resulting in diarrhea, rather than weight gain or constipation.