— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位剛完成全髖關節置換術的病人，應採取何種姿勢以預防人工關節脫位？
A nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone a total hip arthroplasty. Which position should the nurse maintain to prevent dislocation of the hip prosthesis?
- AAbduction of the affected hip✓ 正解患側髖關節外展
- BFlexion of the hip greater than 90 degrees髖關節屈曲超過 90 度
- CAdduction of the affected hip患側髖關節內收
- DInternal rotation of the affected hip患側髖關節內旋轉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術後，核心目標是保持髖關節穩定。外展（Abduction）能防止股骨頭從關節窩滑出。過度的內收、內旋或屈曲（>90度）都會導致人工關節脫位，因此術後需使用枕頭維持患肢外展位，並嚴禁翹二郎腿或坐過低的椅子。
After total hip arthroplasty, maintaining abduction of the affected limb is critical to prevent dislocation of the prosthesis. Positions involving hip flexion beyond 90 degrees, adduction, or internal rotation increase the risk of the femoral head slipping out of the acetabulum. Using pillows to keep the legs apart ensures stability and protects the surgical repair during the postoperative period.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院廣泛使用外展枕（Abduction pillow）；台灣臨床除了使用枕頭外，更強調術後復健期對環境的調整訓練。