— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師正在評估一位獨居老人的心理社會狀況，下列哪些發現需優先關注？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is conducting a psychosocial assessment of an elderly client living alone. Which findings should the nurse prioritize? (Select all that apply.)
- AUnexplained weight loss and disheveled appearance✓ 正解不明原因的體重減輕和儀容不整
- BFrequent expression of sadness about the loss of a spouse 5 years ago頻繁表達對五年前喪偶的悲傷
- CInability to recall recent events or the current date✓ 正解無法回憶近期事件或當前日期
- DStated interest in joining a senior center to meet new people表示有興趣參加老人中心以認識新朋友
- EWithdrawal from previously enjoyed hobbies and social activities✓ 正解退出過去喜愛的嗜好和社交活動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對獨居老人的評估，需關注自我照顧功能喪失（A）、認知功能障礙（C）及社會孤立（E）。B 為正常的悲傷反應（Grief），非病理性問題；D 顯示正向社交動機。護理師需區分正常老化、憂鬱與認知功能下降的差別。
When assessing an elderly client living alone, the nurse must prioritize loss of self-care function (A), cognitive impairment (C), and social isolation (E). Option B reflects normal grief and is not a pathological problem; option D demonstrates positive social motivation. The nurse must differentiate between normal aging, depression, and cognitive decline.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有較完善的社區資源（如長者中心）；台灣則多仰賴家庭照顧，社區支援體系仍在發展中。