護理師指導第一型糖尿病病人處理低血糖，哪些症狀需要立即處置？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with Type 1 diabetes about managing hypoglycemia. Which symptoms require immediate action? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- BTachycardia✓ 正解心跳過速
- CTremors✓ 正解顫抖
- DConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
- EHyperglycemic polyuria高血糖性多尿
低血糖常見的神經性與交感神經反應包括：冷汗（Diaphoresis）、心搏過速（Tachycardia）、震顫（Tremors）及意識混亂（Confusion）。這些症狀代表身體缺乏葡萄糖，需立即補充簡單碳水化合物。選項E為高血糖表徵，與低血糖相反。
Immediate action is required for symptoms such as diaphoresis, tachycardia, tremors, and confusion, as these indicate autonomic and central nervous system responses to low blood glucose. Diaphoresis, tremors, and tachycardia result from sympathetic stimulation and adrenaline release. Confusion signals neuroglycopenia, necessitating rapid carbohydrate administration. Polyuria is associated with hyperglycemia and does not require immediate intervention for hypoglycemia.
美國護理師衛教常運用簡易口訣如「15-15 Rule」，台灣衛教亦逐步接軌此國際標準做法。