— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估疑似尿崩症（DI）的病人，應預期出現何種臨床表徵？
A nurse is assessing a client with a suspected diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI). Which clinical manifestation should the nurse anticipate?
- AWeight gain of 3 kg over two days兩天內體重增加 3 公斤
- BUrine specific gravity of 1.002✓ 正解尿液比重的 1.002
- CDecreased serum sodium levels血清鈉濃度降低
- DIncreased blood pressure血壓升高
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
尿崩症主因抗利尿激素分泌不足，導致腎小管無法再吸收水分，產生大量低比重尿液。尿比重 < 1.005 是尿崩症的特徵。B（體重增加）、D（血壓升高）為水分滯留徵象；D（低血鈉）在尿崩症中因水分流失通常表現為高血鈉。
Diabetes insipidus is mainly caused by insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone, so the renal tubules cannot reabsorb water, producing a large volume of low-specific-gravity urine. A urine specific gravity of less than 1.005 is characteristic of DI. B (weight gain) and D (elevated blood pressure) suggest fluid retention; D (hyponatremia) is incorrect because in DI, water loss usually results in hypernatremia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
無顯著差異。