護理師照護髖關節置換術後第一天的病人，發現其小腿腫脹、發紅且觸摸溫熱。護理師應優先採取何行動？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative day 1 following a hip arthroplasty. The nurse notes the client’s calf is swollen, red, and warm to the touch. Which action is the priority?
- AElevate the affected leg抬高患肢
- BMaintain bed rest and notify the provider✓ 正解維持卧床休息並通知醫師
- CMassage the calf to promote circulation按摩小腿以促進循環
- DApply a warm compress to the calf在小腿上應用熱敷包
術後出現小腿紅腫熱痛，高度懷疑為深部靜脈血栓（DVT）。此時最危險的併發症為血栓脫落導致肺栓塞。應立即限制患肢活動以防栓塞脫落，並通知醫師安排診斷檢查（如超音波），嚴禁按摩患肢，亦不應自行熱敷或強力抬高。
Postoperative redness, swelling, warmth, and pain in the calf are highly suggestive of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The most dangerous complication at this time is dislodgement of the thrombus leading to pulmonary embolism. The affected limb should be immobilized immediately to prevent embolus dislodgement, and the physician should be notified to arrange diagnostic evaluation (such as ultrasound). The leg must not be massaged, and the nurse should not independently apply heat or aggressively elevate the limb.
美台皆強調 DVT 的預防，但在處理疑似個案時，美國醫護體系對於「不可按摩」的衛教更為嚴謹。